Method and apparatus for making paper.



L. B. BUCHANAN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PM'EE.

APPLICATION FILED M 51 1, 1013.

Emma 51mm 351% and State of a? n Wrivf'i r it Malian;

OFFI

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J one 50, 1914.

application filed may 1, 2813. Serial No. 764,787.

To all io/lom 117 may concern:

lle it known that I, l'inoiznnn B, BU- CHANAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVohurn, in the county of Middlell'lassachusetts, have in vented an Improvement in Methods and Apparatus for Making Paper, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to Fourdrinier 1121' chines, and has to" its object to construct and arrange a paper-making wire. and its support-s whereby the stock is caused to travel by gravity in the direction of movement of the maliingwire, so asto attain quickly a velocity equal to the speed. of said. wire, and then. to travel with the wire, in; to produce uniform sheet of paper which is strong, "Jen and well-formed. Heretofore an attempt has been made to accomplish this resultby raising the breastroll to such a height that the downwardly moving paperqnalring wire has considerable pitch throughout length, causing the stock to travel by gravity, so as to attain a velocity equal to the speed of the wire, but as the pitch continues throughout the length of the wire the stock continues to be affooled by gravity throughout the length of the wire and hence moves in advance of the wire, stock settles on the wire as the water leaves it, so that its advancing movement relative to the wire is retarded to a considerable eX- tent, no eilicient result would be obtained, but as it is, however, the disadvantage due to gravity at the guidea'oll end-portion of the wire is more'than offset by the advantagze gained'by gravity at the breastroll end-portion of the wire, so that on the whole a'result is obtained which is a distinct advantage,:although the result sought is not obtained. The angle of the wire really is a compromise, as it, does not have a suilicient'nitch at the breastmoll end-portion and it has too niiuih'pitch at the guide-roll end-phrtion l l1ave"discovered at it is possible to arrange a prier-nialiii'ig' hit, so that it shall are a y steep pitch in front of the lnezist roll to cause the stool; to move by gravity with considerable velocity, thereby to quickly attain a velocity equal to the sleet! oi the wire, said pitch gradually becoming less steep as the stock gradually attains a velocity equal. to the speed of the wire until it disappears tar-substantially disand were it not for the fact, that the.

, tends along settle uniformly it in engagement. with appears and the stock is then caused to proceed by and with the wire and at a velocity equal to the speed of the wire throughout the remaining portion of the wire.

In carrying out my invention the breastroll is positively driven instead of the guideroll, and that portion of the wire which exthe under side of said rolls is held taut by the drive, and that portion of the wire which extends along the upper side of said rolls is held slack, thus being deflected below a plane tangential to the breast-roll and guide-roll. The slack-portion of the wire is employed as the stockcarrying portion, and the angle or pitch at difi'erent portions of the slack-portion of the wire may be regulated by a novel ar rangement or the table-rolls whereby it shall have a very steep pitch in front of the breast-roll, which gradually becomes less and less steep until it reaches a level or any desired angle with respect to a horizontal plane, By thus arranging the Wire the stock which passes from the flow-box is moved by gravity at a rapidly increasing velocity, thereby to quickly attain a velocity equal. to the speed of the wire, and then its acceleration due to gravitation is gradually diminished as motion is imparted to it by the wire until it is moved solely by the wire, and consequently at the same rate of speed, and as a result the fibers are permitted to on the wire as the water This result cannot be accontinuous downwardly leaves the stock. complished by a moving wire.

Figure l is a side elevation of a portion of a lfiouidrinier machine illustrating one embodiment of my invention, and Fig, 2 is a detail of an adj usting-means for one of the table-rolls.

10 represents the breast-roll; 12 the guideroll; 13 the paper-making wire; 14- the tablerolls; 15 the suction-boxes; 1f; the deckle, 17 the rolls engaging the deckle for holding the wire; .18 the flowbox; 19 the slice, and 20 the apron, and all of these parts, separately considered, may be constructed in any usual manner, the invention residing particularly in their-association and arrangement whereby a, new and useful result is produced.

As here shown the paper-making wire 13 is arranged on the breast-roll and guide-roll with its stock-carrying portion between said ported by any suitable form of adjustable hearings to admit of varying the extent of the deflectionj The table-rolls are supported by bearings which are or may be vertically adjusted, andsaid rolls are arranged in a novel manner, so that the deflected portion of the wire is regulated to provide for the accomplishment ol the desired result. Said deflected portion of the wire is supported by the tablerolls in such manner as to form a curved plane in front of the breast-roll, concave upward, whereby a very steep pitch is produced directly in front of the breast-roll, which gradually becomes less and less steep, while the remaining portion of the wire is supported in. a horizontal plane or at any desired angle with respect to a horizontal plane, inclining downward or upward. As the stock passes from the usual flow-box it flows down the steep declining portion of the wire at a rapidly increasing velocity, thereby quickly attaining a velocity equal to the speed of the wire, and then its "el'ocity due to gravitation is gradually diminished as motion is imparted to it by the wire until acceleration due uo gravitation ceases, or substantially ceases, whereupon the stock is then caused to travel with and by the wire and at the same rate of speed. By thus arranging the wire the waves and ripples formed on the wire in trout of the lueast-roll quickly subside and the iib are permitted orcauscd 40 to settle uniformly on the wire, thus fixing the "formation oi the sheet in a novel manner.

I claim 1. In a Fourdrinier machine, the combination with a positively driven breast-roll.

the guide-roll and the paper-making wire assina' over said rolls whereb that iortion u 7 of said wire which passes over the upper sides Of said rolls is held slack and is dellected below a plane tangentially to the rolls, and is arranged with a steep pitch in front of the breast-roll which gradually becomes less steep, tablerolls arranged to support said deflected portion of wire and a dcckle arranged for engagement with said deflected portion of the wire, substantially as described.

2. In a l kmrdriuier machine, a papermaking wire having its stock-carrying portion arranged with a steep pitch in front of the breast-roll which gradually becomes less steep, thereby to cause the stock to move by gravity at a rapidly increasing velocity to attain quickly a velocity equal to the speed of the wire and then to move with the wire at the same rate of speed, substantially as described. V 4

3. Ina Fourdrinier machine, a papermaking wire passing over a breast-roll and a guide-roll and deflected below a plane tangential to said rolls, and table-rolls arranged to support the end-portion of the wire in front of the breast-roll with a steep pitch which gradually becomes less steep thereby to cause the stock to move by-gravity at a rapidly increasing velocity until it attains a velocity equal to the speed of the wire and then to reduce its gravitating force as motion is imparted to the stock by the wire, and to'supportthe remainder of the deflected portion in a plane wherebyanotion is imparted to the stock by the wire, substantially as described.

- 4:. In a Fourdrinier machine, a papermaking wire having its portion in front of the breast-roll arranged in a curved plane, concave upward,'and of such shape that the force of gravity acts upon the moving stock and accelerates it the greatest near the breast-roll and gradually diminishes to m'l when the stock attains a velocity equal to the speed of the wire, which is within a distance substantially less than the effective length of the wire, thereby permitting the 'stock to proceed with and by the wire, substantially as described. 5. In the art of making paper, the process herein described of fixing the formation of a sheet on the paper-making wire, which cons'ists in causing the stock to move forward at a rapidly increasing velocity until it attains a velocity equal to the speed of the wire and then to continue at a velocity equal to the speed of the wire, so that the fibers are per mitted to settle uniformly on the wire.

(7. In the art of making paper, the process herein described of fixing the formation of a sheet on the paperanakingwire which consists in causing the stock to move'lforward by gravity at a rapidly increasing ve: locity until it attains a velocity equal to the speed of the wire and then gradually redi10- ing the gravitating force until its acceleration due to gravitation ceases and then moving it at a velocity equal to the speed of the \Vllfe.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEONARD B. BUCHANAN.

\Vitnesscs I II. BJDAVIS,

G. DOYLE. 

